Chapter 5. Characters in Each Country

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  stateful

  subset of 7bit version of ISO 2022, where ASCII, JIS X 0201 1976 Roman, JIS X 0208 

1978, and JIS X 0208 1983 are supported.

  7bit, which means the most significant bit (MSB) of each byte is always zero.

  used for e mail and net news and preferred for HTML.

  Determined in RFC 1468.

  EUC JP (Japanese version of Extended UNIX Code)

  stateless

  an implementation of EUC where G0, G1, G2, and G3 are ASCII, JIS X 0208, JIS X 0201

Kana, and JIS X 0212 respectively. There are many implementation which cannot use

JIS X 0201 Kana and JIS X 0212.

  8bit

  preferred encoding for UNIX. For example, almost all Japanese message catalogs for

gettext is written in EUC JP.

  Japanese code is mapped in

0xa0

0xff

. This is important for programmer because

one doesn't need to care there are fake '\' or '/' (which can be treated in a special way

in various context) in the Japanese code.

  SHIFT JIS (aka Microsoft Kanji Code)

  stateless

  NOT subset of ISO 2022

  8bit

  JIS X 0201 Roman, JIS X 0201 Kana, and JIS X 0208 can be expressed, but JIS X 0212

cannot.

  The standard encoding for Windows/Macintosh. This makes SHIFT JIS the most pop 

ular encoding in Japan. Though MS is thinking about transition to UNICODE, it is

suspicious that it can be done successfully.

ISO 2022 JP is a subset of 7bit version of ISO 2022, where only G0 is used and G0 is assumed to

be invoked into GL. Character sets included in ISO 2022 JP are:

  ASCII (ESC 0x28 0x42),

  JIS X 0201 1976 Roman (ESC 0x28 0x4a),

  JIS X 0208 1978 (old JIS) (ESC 0x24 0x40), and