CONTENTS

iv

7 Declaring relationships between packages

45

7.1

Syntax of relationship fields

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

7.2

Binary Dependencies  

Depends

,

Recommends

,

Suggests

,

Enhances

,

Pre Depends

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

7.3

Conflicting binary packages  

Conflicts

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

7.4

Virtual packages  

Provides

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

7.5

Overwriting files and replacing packages  

Replaces

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

7.5.1

Overwriting files in other packages

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

7.5.2

Replacing whole packages, forcing their removal

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

7.6

Relationships between source and binary packages  

Build Depends

,

Build Depends Indep

,

Build Conflicts

,

Build Conflicts Indep

. . 50

8 Shared libraries

53

8.1

Run time shared libraries

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

8.1.1

ldconfig

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

8.2

Run time support programs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

8.3

Static libraries

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

8.4

Development files

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

8.5

Dependencies between the packages of the same library

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

8.6

Dependencies between the library and other packages   the

shlibs

system

. . . 56

8.6.1

The

shlibs

files present on the system

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

8.6.2

How to use

dpkg shlibdeps

and the

shlibs

files

. . . . . . . . . . . . 57

8.6.3

The

shlibs

File Format

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

8.6.4

Providing a

shlibs

file

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

8.6.5

Writing the

debian/shlibs.local

file

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

9 The Operating System

61

9.1

File system hierarchy

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.1.1

File system Structure

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.1.2

Site specific programs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.1.3

The system wide mail directory

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

9.2

Users and groups

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

9.2.1

Introduction

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62